{"id":614,"date":"2023-07-28T20:40:40","date_gmt":"2023-07-28T20:40:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oldwestburygardens.org\/dueling-letters\/"},"modified":"2025-05-12T15:37:43","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T15:37:43","slug":"dueling-letters","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.oldwestburygardens.org\/es\/phipps-family-history\/dueling-letters\/","title":{"rendered":"Cartas de duelo"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historia de la familia Phipps: Cartas en duelo<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p>Las labores de conservaci\u00f3n en los Jardines de Old Westbury no se limitan al paisaje ni a las estructuras, sino tambi\u00e9n a los documentos. Los Jardines de Old Westbury son responsables del cuidado de los Archivos John S. Phipps, una colecci\u00f3n de todo tipo de material, desde cartas y facturas hasta fotograf\u00edas y pel\u00edculas, que documentan la vida de John \u201cJay\u201d S. Phipps (1872-1958) y otros familiares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Los Jardines han logrado garantizar que estos materiales no sufran da\u00f1os f\u00edsicos graves. Sin embargo, los esfuerzos por catalogar el material archivado con fines de investigaci\u00f3n, educaci\u00f3n e interpretaci\u00f3n han sido parciales debido a la escasez de recursos financieros y de personal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gracias al apoyo de donantes, algunos fondos han permitido que los Jardines empleen a Archivistas. <strong>Drew Fullshire<\/strong>, especialista en documentos hist\u00f3ricos, para iniciar la compleja tarea de preparar la colecci\u00f3n de archivo para su posterior digitalizaci\u00f3n. Esta iniciativa permitir\u00e1 a los Jardines poner estos valiosos materiales a disposici\u00f3n de investigadores y visitantes, tanto presenciales como virtuales.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oldwestburygardens.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/phippsletter.jpg\" alt=\"Henry Phipps' 1891 letter to his son Jay\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Carta de Henry Phipps de 1891 a su hijo Jay<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p>Recientemente, se le pidi\u00f3 a Drew que localizara y seleccionara la correspondencia entre Jay y su padre, Henry, para compartirla y conectar con los visitantes de hoy con los valores y las preocupaciones de las familias que vivieron hace m\u00e1s de un siglo y medio. M\u00e1s que demostrar la preocupaci\u00f3n paternal por un hijo que vive en el extranjero, estas cartas ofrecen una mirada directa a la cultura estadounidense y al mundo en general.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Una carta de Henry a Jay (arriba) y otra de Jay a su madre, Annie, son ejemplos fascinantes de este rico repositorio cultural e hist\u00f3rico. Esta correspondencia tambi\u00e9n revela un per\u00edodo desconocido de la vida de Jay que no se relat\u00f3 en las memorias de su hija Peggie. <em>D\u00edas felices<\/em>Las cartas datan de la \u00e9poca en que Jay estudi\u00f3 en Dresde, Alemania, en el Franklin College, una escuela preparatoria para la comunidad angloamericana de Dresde. Esta escuela era uno de los cuatro \u00fanicos centros europeos donde se realizaban los ex\u00e1menes de la American University Board.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En mayo de 1891, Henry le escribi\u00f3 a Jay, quien por entonces estudiaba en Dresde, sobre un art\u00edculo period\u00edstico que hab\u00eda le\u00eddo recientemente y que relataba las declaraciones del k\u00e1iser Guillermo de Alemania. En esta carta, acompa\u00f1ada del recorte, Henry le advert\u00eda contra la glorificaci\u00f3n de la violencia promovida por el k\u00e1iser en su apoyo a los clubes de duelo en las universidades alemanas. Con referencias personales, incluyendo recuerdos de su amigo de la infancia, Andrew Carnegie, Henry expresa su aversi\u00f3n por una cultura que promov\u00eda los valores &quot;positivos&quot; del duelo y otros entretenimientos violentos como medio apropiado para la resoluci\u00f3n de conflictos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Estos populares clubes de duelo eran, y son \u2014tal como existen hoy de forma diferente\u2014 comparables a la fraternidad estadounidense en los campus universitarios. El fen\u00f3meno de los clubes de duelo fue tan notable que Mark Twain incluso los describi\u00f3, aunque con sarcasmo, en el cap\u00edtulo 5. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/A_Tramp_Abroad\/V\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>\u201cEn el campo de duelo de los estudiantes\u201d<\/em><\/a> de su obra semiautobiogr\u00e1fica <em>Un vagabundo en el extranjero<\/em> (1879).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En una carta de mayo de 1896 (abajo) a su madre Annie, Jay relata su visita a un club de duelo, tal vez sin seguir del todo el consejo de su padre:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>El viernes pasado por la ma\u00f1ana, Bob Mitchell, otros tres estudiantes de Yale y yo fuimos a una peque\u00f1a posada a las afueras de M\u00fanich y presenciamos dos duelos estudiantiles. Miembros de los cinco cuerpos de combate estaban en la sala, luciendo sus sombreros y bandas de diferentes colores. \u00c9ramos tantos que no nos permitieron entrar, as\u00ed que vimos el primer duelo desde la ventana. Los hombres estaban muy igualados y lucharon los treinta asaltos sin sufrir cortes graves. Vimos el segundo duelo desde la puerta abierta y est\u00e1bamos tan cerca de los luchadores que, tras uno de los golpes, la sangre salpic\u00f3 la cara de Mitchell. En el segundo duelo, los hombres eran nuevos en el juego y no estaban tan igualados, por lo que uno de ellos sufri\u00f3 cortes terribles y, tras unos diez asaltos, estaba tan gravemente herido que no pudo continuar.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Es interesante que, m\u00e1s de dos d\u00e9cadas despu\u00e9s de escribir estas cartas, Jay se alistara en el Ej\u00e9rcito de los Estados Unidos, en el Servicio A\u00e9reo, inmediatamente despu\u00e9s de que Estados Unidos declarara la guerra a Alemania. Los archivos contienen las notas de Jay, que utilizaba para ense\u00f1ar a los aspirantes a oficiales las causas de la Gran Guerra, incluyendo la cultura marcial alemana.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oldwestburygardens.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/050191Article-1.jpg\" alt=\"Newspaper article associated with Henry Phipps' letter\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote has-text-align-right is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>~Paul Hunchak, Director de Programas P\u00fablicos y Servicios para Visitantes<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oldwestburygardens.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/JayLettercombined.jpg\" alt=\"Jay Phipps\u2019 1896 letter to his mother Anne\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Carta de Jay Phipps de 1896 a su madre Anne<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Historia de la familia Phipps: Cartas de duelo. El trabajo de conservaci\u00f3n en los Jardines de Old Westbury no se limita al paisaje ni a las estructuras, sino tambi\u00e9n a los documentos. Los Jardines de Old Westbury son responsables de [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":605,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_tec_requires_first_save":true,"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_tribe_blocks_recurrence_rules":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_description":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_exclusions":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-614","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Dueling Letters | Old Westbury Gardens<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oldwestburygardens.org\/es\/phipps-family-history\/dueling-letters\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dueling Letters | Old Westbury Gardens\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Phipps Family History: Dueling Letters Preservation work at Old Westbury Gardens is not limited to the landscape or the structures, but also to documents. 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